You would just place this shortcode into visual editor of WordPress just like your regular content part of a page/post in WordPress. You should find numerous such shortcodes in the content of many pages if you have sample data loaded. If you have not done so, I would strongly advise you to do so, spend a few hours of time understanding the theme structure to get a head start on your site.
In the home page, you can just paste the same shortcode into the content and the user should be able to navigate to your portfolio directly from there. Again, I hope I am getting your question right here.